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They have been pushed back from Bulgaria to Turkey three times
legal analysis
The pushback experienced by the respondent could be a violation of the prohibition of collective expulsion. In European law you can find it in Article 4 Protocol no 4 of the European Convention on Human rights and article 19 (1) of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights. People can not be expelled as a group or pushed back from a state without an examination of their individual situation. The state has to examine the situation of every person to see whether they risk torture or other inhuman treatment upon return to another country. So a pushback in itself is illegal no matter whether the authorities used violence or not. This pushback may also entail an violation of Article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) because there was at least one minor involved. This article promotes the principle of the best interests of the child. In every law and in every problematic situation the best interests of the child must have priority.